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In sports in Canada and the United States, the phrase games behind or games back (often abbreviated GB), is a common way to reflect the gap between a leading team and another team in a sports league, conference, or division. It is calculated using the following formula, in which TeamA is a leading team, and TeamB is a trailing team: : This formula gives the GB for TeamB. (One also says that TeamA is that many games ahead.) A leading team itself is always zero games behind, by definition, and this is typically indicated in tables by a dash rather than a zero. For example, if the Cleveland Indians are three games behind the Kansas City Royals, Cleveland would have to win three games, and Kansas City would have to lose three, to tie for first by a GB calculation. A "games behind" situation changes rapidly when two teams contesting the lead play each other, since in each such game the GB will change by plus or minus one. In this case, Cleveland could pull even with Kansas City by a clean sweep of all games of a three-game series. Note that a team may be ahead of a team that has more wins. For example, a team with a record of 65 wins and 53 losses is one-half game ahead of a team with a 66–55 record. Also, two teams with different win-loss records may both be leading teams, if one team has the same number of additional wins and additional losses compared to the other. The GB calculation is often used in professional baseball and basketball, where tie games are not permitted, and to a slightly lesser extent in American football where ties are rare (they officially count as half a win and half a loss, but can be omitted entirely when calculating GB since the "wins minus losses" values for a given team will be the same either way). Usually, in tables of standings in newspapers and magazines kept during the season, teams are ordered by the teams' winning percentages, with the number of games they are behind the division leader supplementing the table. On rare occasions, it is possible (and has occurred) for the team with the second best winning percentage to lead the team with the best winning percentage in terms of games back. This usually occurs during the early portion of a season when teams have played an unequal number of games. For example, if Team A has a record of 23–13 and Team B has a record of 26–15, Team A would be recognized as having a better record by virtue of their .639 win percentage to Team B's .634 percentage, and would be listed first in the standings. However, Team A would still be one-half game behind Team B. The "games behind" number is sometimes made in reference to ".500" (even in wins and losses) although in this particular context, the word "behind" is replaced by "under" or "below". In making this calculation, however, the division by two is not done. For example, a team with a record of 19 wins and 20 losses is considered as being "one game under .500", in contrast to being "one-half game behind" a team with a ".500" record of 20 wins and 20 losses. ==Major League Baseball== Major League Baseball defines Games Behind as "Games Behind, the average of the differences between the leading team wins and the trailing team wins, and the leading teams losses and the trailing team losses." () This statistic is now being calculated somewhat differently in the Major League Baseball professional baseball league. Traditionally games behind was calculated with respect to the team with the highest standing in the league (up through the 1968 season), or to the team with the highest standing in the division (1969 season and later). The statistic got more complicated for the 1994 season Major League Baseball's two leagues split into three divisions each, and added a wild card team to the playoffs. Following the change, it became common for the media to publish an additional set of standings for the wild card race. It included all teams from a league, with the exception of the division leaders, and games behind was calculated with respect to the team with the highest standing in the division. The statistic got even more complicated in 2012 when Major League Baseball (added a second wild card team ). Today, games behind is shown in the media as calculated in two different ways. While games behind the team with the highest standing in the division is calculated in the traditional manner, games behind in the wild card race is calculated with respect to the team with ''second'' highest standing in the wild card race. Assuming two or more teams are not tied for first place in the wild card, this results in the team leading the wild card race shown as being so many "games ahead" of second place, usually indicated by a plus sign ("+") in the standings. Currently, both the divisional and wild card statistics are called Games Behind or GB in the media. Major League Baseball's official website distinguishes the two by abbreviating the divisional statistic and the wild card statistic as "GB" and "WCGB" respectively. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「games behind」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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